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Photo links 71
Web's Best Photo and Art Links
From Magic Mike
My collection of recommended links
to photos of the best Hubble Space Telescope photos and other NASA photos,
incredible landscape photos, scenic wonders, wildlife animal
photos, AND the Renaissance Art Masters, art work of the 10th through 20th
Centuries from World Museums.
These photos are links, to sites owned by other people, for private viewing,
not for commercial use.
NGC
4414: A Flocculent Spiral Galaxy Credit: Olivier Vallejo (Observatoire
de Bordeaux), HST, ESA, NASA Explanation: How much mass do flocculent spirals
hide? The above true color image of flocculent spiral galaxy NGC 4414 was
taken with the Hubble Space Telescope to help answer this question. Flocculent
spirals -- galaxies without well defined spiral arms -- are a quite common
form of galaxy, and NGC 4414 is one of the closest. Stars and gas near the
visible edge of spiral galaxies orbit the center so fast that the gravity
from a large amount of unseen dark matter must be present to hold them together.
Pictured above is the photogenic center of NGC 4414. A bright foreground
star from our Milky Way Galaxy shines in the foreground of the image. Although
NGC 4414's center likely holds little dark matter, understanding its matter
distribution helps calibrate the rest of the galaxy and, by deduction, flocculent
spirals in general. By determining a precise distance to NGC 4414, astronomers
also hope to help calibrate the scale to the more distant universe. Authors
& editors: Robert Nemiroff (MTU) & Jerry Bonnell (USRA) NASA Technical
Rep.: Jay Norris. Specific rights apply. A service of: LHEA at NASA/ GSFC
& Michigan Tech. U.
Looking
Into an Io Volcano Credit: Galileo Project, JPL, NASA Explanation:
What would it look like to peer into one of the volcanoes currently active
on Jupiter's moon Io? The caldera of Tupan Patera, named after a Brazilian
thunder god, reveals itself to be a strange and dangerous place, replete with
hot black lava, warm red sulfur deposits likely deposited from vented gas,
and hilly yellow terrain also high in sulfur. The robot spacecraft Galileo
currently orbiting Jupiter provided the above vista late last year when it
swooped by the active world. Tupan Patera is actually a volcanic depression,
surrounded by cliffs nearly a kilometer high. The width of the depression
is about 75 kilometers. As Galileo has filled its mission objectives and
is running low on maneuvering fuel, NASA plans to crash the spacecraft into
Jupiter during 2003. Authors & editors: Robert Nemiroff (MTU) & Jerry
Bonnell (USRA) NASA Technical Rep.: Jay Norris. Specific rights apply. A
service of: LHEA at NASA/ GSFC & Michigan Tech. U.
Methane
Earth Credit: GISS, NASA Explanation: Can you help in reducing this
blanket of methane gas that is warming up our Earth? Recent evidence holds
that methane (CH4) is second only to carbon dioxide (CO2) in creating a warming
greenhouse effect but is easier to control. Atmospheric methane has doubled
over the past 200 years, and its smothering potency is over 20 times that
of CO2. Methane may even be responsible for a sudden warming of the Earth
by seven degrees Celsius about 55 million years ago. As most methane is produced
biologically, the gas is sometimes associated with bathroom humor. The largest
abundance released by the US, however, is created when anaerobic bacteria
break down carbon-based garbage in landfills. Therefore, a more effective
way to help our planet than trying to restrict your own methane emissions
would be to encourage efficient landfill gas management. Authors & editors:
Robert Nemiroff (MTU) & Jerry Bonnell (USRA) NASA Technical Rep.: Jay
Norris. Specific rights apply. A service of: LHEA at NASA/ GSFC & Michigan
Tech. U.
Columbia
Dawn Credit A. Barrett, KSC, NASA Explanation: Trailing a thick column
of exhaust, the Space Shuttle Columbia blasted into the twilight morning
sky on March 1, its thundering rockets briefly flooding a cloud bank with
the light of a false dawn. The event marked the start of the ongoing eleven
day mission to upgrade the Hubble Space Telescope. Hubble's upgrades include
the installation of new solar arrays and a new camera. Columbia's crew is
scheduled to complete the work today in the last of five space walks. Columbia's
launch also marks the first flight of the oldest operating space shuttle
after receiving extensive upgrades itself, designed to increase its capabilities
for missions to low Earth orbit. The shuttle landing is expected at Kennedy
Space Center on March 12. Authors & editors: Robert Nemiroff (MTU) &
Jerry Bonnell (USRA) NASA Technical Rep.: Jay Norris. Specific rights apply.
A service of: LHEA at NASA/ GSFC & Michigan Tech. U.
Volcano
and Aurora in Iceland Credit & Copyright: Sigurdur H. Stefnisson
Explanation: Sometimes both heaven and Earth erupt. In Iceland in 1991, the
volcano Hekla erupted at the same time that auroras were visible overhead.
Hekla, one of the most famous volcanoes in the world, has erupted at least
20 times over the past millennium, sometimes causing great destruction. The
last eruption occurred only two years ago but caused only minor damage. The
green auroral band occurred fortuitously about 100 kilometers above the erupting
lava. Is Earth the Solar System's only planet with both auroras and volcanos?
Authors & editors: Robert Nemiroff (MTU) & Jerry Bonnell (USRA) NASA
Technical Rep.: Jay Norris. Specific rights apply. A service of: LHEA at
NASA/ GSFC & Michigan Tech. U.
Moonrise
Over Seattle Credit & Copyright: Shay Stephens Explanation: Is
the Moon larger when near the horizon? No -- as shown above, the Moon appears
to be very nearly the same size no matter its location on the sky. Oddly,
the cause or causes for the common Moon Illusion are still being debated.
Two leading explanations both hinge on the illusion that foreground objects
make a horizon Moon seem farther in the distance. The historically most popular
explanation then holds that the mind interprets more distant objects as wider,
while a more recent explanation adds that the distance illusion may actually
make the eye focus differently. Either way, the angular diameter of the Moon
is always about 0.5 degrees. In the above time-lapse sequence taken near
the end of last year, the Moon was briefly re-imaged every 2.5 minutes, with
the last exposure of longer duration to bring up a magnificent panorama of
the city of Seattle. Authors & editors: Robert Nemiroff (MTU) & Jerry
Bonnell (USRA) NASA Technical Rep.: Jay Norris. Specific rights apply. A
service of: LHEA at NASA/ GSFC & Michigan Tech. U.
Sun
Halo at Winter Solstice Credit & Copyright: Philip Appleton (SIRTF
Science Center), Caltech Explanation: Sometimes it looks like the Sun is
being viewed through a large lens. In the above case, however, there are
actually millions of lenses: ice crystals. As water freezes in the upper
atmosphere, small, flat, six-sided, ice crystals might be formed. As these
crystals flutter to the ground, much time is spent with their faces flat,
parallel to the ground. An observer may pass through the same plane as many
of the falling ice crystals near sunrise or sunset. During this alignment,
each crystal can act like a miniature lens, refracting sunlight into our
view and creating phenomena like parhelia, the technical term for sundogs.
The above image was taken in the morning of the 2000 Winter Solstice near
Ames, Iowa, USA. Visible in the image center is the Sun, while two bright
sundogs glow prominently from both the left and the right. Also visible behind
neighborhood houses and trees are the 22 degree halo, three sun pillars,
and the upper tangent arc, all created by sunlight reflecting off of atmospheric
ice crystals. Authors & editors: Robert Nemiroff (MTU) & Jerry Bonnell
(USRA) NASA Technical Rep.: Jay Norris. Specific rights apply. A service
of: LHEA at NASA/ GSFC & Michigan Tech. U.
Blue
Flash Credit & Copyright: Mario Cogo Explanation: Difficult to
observe, the momentary green flash above the rising or setting sun has been
documented as a phenomenon caused by the atmospheric bending or refraction
of sunlight. Like a weak prism, the Earth's atmosphere breaks white sunlight
into colors, bending red colors slightly and green and blue colors through
increasingly larger angles. When the sky is clear, a green flash just above
the sun's edge can sometimes be seen for a second or so, when the sun is close
to a distant horizon. A blue flash is even harder to see though, because
the atmosphere must be extraordinarily clear to avoid scattering and diminishing
the refracted blue sunlight. Still, from a site near Roques de los Muchachos
(altitude 2,400 meters) on La Palma in the Canary Islands, astrophotographer
Mario Cogo captured this dramatic telescopic image of a blue flash on color
film in October of 2001. The image of the setting Sun with large sunspot
groups on its surface is heavily distorted by atmospheric layers. A lingering
green rim is just visible under the tantalizing blue flash. Authors &
editors: Robert Nemiroff (MTU) & Jerry Bonnell (USRA) NASA Technical
Rep.: Jay Norris. Specific rights apply. A service of: LHEA at NASA/ GSFC
& Michigan Tech. U.
The Doll
House - A whimsical playground. Hoodoos & Other Fantastic Stone
Creatures - by Laurent Martres.
Starlight
Reflections Credit & Copyright: Robert Gendler Explanation: Interstellar
dust grains often find themselves in a reflective "mood". Near a bright star,
clouds of these dust particles scatter short wavelengths of visible starlight
more readily than long wavelengths, producing lovely blue reflection nebulae.
Nine of the more spectacular examples of these dusty, blue stellar neighborhoods
have been assembled here by astrophotographer Rob Gendler. From left to right
starting with the top row are NGC 1977 in Orion, IC2118 (the Witch Head),
and M78 also in Orion. Across the middle row are, M20 (Trifid), NGC 2264
in Monoceros, and IC405 (Flaming Star Nebula). Along the bottom are NGC 2023
(near the Horsehead), NGC 7023 (Iris Nebula), and finally bright star Merope
surrounded by a veil of dust (NGC 1435). Merope is one of the seven sisters
of the Pleiades. Authors & editors: Robert Nemiroff (MTU) & Jerry
Bonnell (USRA) NASA Technical Rep.: Jay Norris. Specific rights apply. A
service of: LHEA at NASA/ GSFC & Michigan Tech. U.
Himalayan
Horizon From Space Credit: Expedition 1, ISS, EOL NASA Explanation:
This stunning aerial view shows the rugged snow covered peaks of a Himalayan
mountain range in Nepal. The seventh-highest peak on the planet, Dhaulagiri,
is the high point on the horizon at the left while in the foreground lies
the southern Tibetan Plateau of China. But, contrary to appearances, this
picture wasn't taken from an airliner cruising at 30,000 feet. Instead it
was taken with a 35mm camera and telephoto lens by the Expedition 1 crew
aboard the International Space Station -- orbiting 200 nautical miles above
the Earth. The Himalayan mountains were created by crustal plate tectonics
on planet Earth some 70 million years ago, as the Indian plate began a collision
with the Eurasian plate. Himalayan uplift still continues today at a rate
of a few millimeters per year. Authors & editors: Robert Nemiroff (MTU)
& Jerry Bonnell (USRA) NASA Technical Rep.: Jay Norris. Specific rights
apply. A service of: LHEA at NASA/ GSFC & Michigan Tech. U.
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