Cholecystitis
(GS004)
Introduction
The gallbladder is a
four-inch sac that is located beneath the liver in the upper right-hand
quadrant of the abdomen. It is connected to the liver and the intestine
by a series of small tubes called ducts. The primary role of the gallbladder
is to store bile, which is produced and secreted continuously by the liver,
until the bile is needed to aid in digestion.
Cholecystitis is a sudden inflammation of the gallbladder that causes severe
abdominal pain. In 90% of cases, acute cholecystitis is caused by the presence
of gallstones obstructing the duct leading from the gallbladder. It may
also be caused by trauma or previous surgeries. Although relatively uncommon,
gallstones and acute cholecystitis may occur in infants and children.
Ninety percent of cholecystitis cases resolve spontaneously. However, complications
will develop in 10% of cases that will require surgery, antibiotics or
other treatments. Pain management is an important aspect of care for gallbladder
disorders. Nonsurgical treatment may consist of placement of a tube in
the stomach to decompress the pressure in the abdomen as well as replacement
of fluids and electrolytes through an intravenous line.
Get the Facts... With
your MediFocus Guide
The Medifocus Guide on
Cholecystitis provides answers to the following important questions and
medical issues:
- What are the most common symptoms
of cholecystitis?
- Are there any recognized risk factors
for developing cholecystitis?
- What kinds of medical tests are
used to establish the diagnosis of cholecystitis?
- What is the current standard of
care for the treatment of cholecystitis?
- What treatment options are available
for the management of cholecystitis?
- Are there any promising new developments
or potential breakthroughs in treatment?
- Who are the most notable medical
authorities who specialize in cholecystitis?
- Where are the leading hospitals
and centers of research for cholecystitis?
- What are the most important questions
to ask my doctor about cholecystitis?
What Your Doctor Reads:
This MediFocus Guide
contains an extensive listing of citations and abstracts of recent journal
articles that have been published about this condition in trustworthy medical
journals. This is the same type of information that is available to physicians
and other health care professionals. A partial selection of journal articles
that are abstracted in this MediFocus Guide includes:
- Cholecystitis caused by hemocholecyst
from underlying malignancy.
American Journal of Gastroenterology. 2000
- Acute cholecystitis: CT findings.
Seminars in Ultrasound, CT & MR. 2000
- Biliary tract infections: a guide
to drug treatment.
Drugs. 1999
- Hyperbaric oxygenation as adjuvant
therapy to surgery of emphysematous cholecystitis.
Hepato-Gastroenterology. 1999
- Gangrenous cholecystitis in the
laparoscopic era.
Australian & New Zealand Journal of Surgery. 2000
- Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in
acute cholecystitis. A prospective comparative study in patients with acute
vs. chronic cholecystitis.
Surgical Endoscopy. 2000
- Preoperative evaluation to predict
technical difficulties of laparoscopic cholecystectomy on the basis of
histological inflammation findings on resected gallbladder.
American Journal of Surgery. 2000
- Percutaneous gallbladder drainage
for delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with acute cholecystitis.
American Journal of Surgery. 2000
- Variation in the use of laparoscopic
cholecystectomy for elderly patients with acute cholecystitis.
Archives of Surgery. 2000
- Selective use of tube cholecystostomy
with interval laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis.
Archives of Surgery. 2000
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of important journal articles from the current medical literature focusing
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